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Earth (1998)

For string quartet - 18'

Earth is one of a current series of chamber works whose title suggests a substance or material from which forms develop or are made. The preceding work (for large mixed ensemble) is Bronze - a metal which is beaten or moulded to fashion artifacts of one kind or another, everything from huge abstract sculpture to ordinary, everyday objects. Similarly, earth is purely substance, matter which gives rise to fantastical geological shapes and varied life forms.

The architecture of the string quartet, Earth, grows purely from the notes and rhythms displayed in its first few pages. Cast in a single movement, it sets out purposefully on its musical journey in a warm and intense vein, and then travels through a variety of different string colours, taking in the glacial sounds of extreme high ponticello notes, the roughness of deep cello chords, and the earthy flutterings of fast trills. Various contemporary string techniques are used, from playing with the bow up against the scroll, to the cellist's use of both hands on the bow to produce a fierce, grating effect.

Two passages highlight first the viola, then the cello in virtuosic moments of concerto-like difficulty before all four instruments join together once more. The work draws to a close with a series of rich, warm chords.

First performance: 31 October 1998, New Zealand String Quartet Hamilton, New Zealand